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status.c

 
/*
 * libgit2 "status" example - shows how to use the status APIs
 *
 * Written by the libgit2 contributors
 *
 * To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright
 * and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
 * worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along
 * with this software. If not, see
 * <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
 */

#include "common.h"

This example demonstrates the use of the libgit2 status APIs, particularly the git_status_list object, to roughly simulate the output of running git status. It serves as a simple example of using those APIs to get basic status information.

This does not have:

  • Robust error handling
  • Colorized or paginated output formatting

This does have:

  • Examples of translating command line arguments to the status options settings to mimic git status results.
  • A sample status formatter that matches the default "long" format from git status
  • A sample status formatter that matches the "short" format
 
enum {
  FORMAT_DEFAULT   = 0,
  FORMAT_LONG      = 1,
  FORMAT_SHORT     = 2,
  FORMAT_PORCELAIN = 3,
};

#define MAX_PATHSPEC 8

struct status_opts {
  git_status_options statusopt;
  char *repodir;
  char *pathspec[MAX_PATHSPEC];
  int npaths;
  int format;
  int zterm;
  int showbranch;
  int showsubmod;
  int repeat;
};

static void parse_opts(struct status_opts *o, int argc, char *argv[]);
static void show_branch(git_repository *repo, int format);
static void print_long(git_status_list *status);
static void print_short(git_repository *repo, git_status_list *status);
static int print_submod(git_submodule *sm, const char *name, void *payload);

int lg2_status(git_repository *repo, int argc, char *argv[])
{
  git_status_list *status;
  struct status_opts o = { GIT_STATUS_OPTIONS_INIT, "." };

  o.statusopt.show  = GIT_STATUS_SHOW_INDEX_AND_WORKDIR;
  o.statusopt.flags = GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED |
    GIT_STATUS_OPT_RENAMES_HEAD_TO_INDEX |
    GIT_STATUS_OPT_SORT_CASE_SENSITIVELY;

  parse_opts(&o, argc, argv);

  if (git_repository_is_bare(repo))
    fatal("Cannot report status on bare repository",
      git_repository_path(repo));

show_status:
  if (o.repeat)
    printf("\033[H\033[2J");

Run status on the repository

We use git_status_list_new() to generate a list of status information which lets us iterate over it at our convenience and extract the data we want to show out of each entry.

You can use git_status_foreach() or git_status_foreach_ext() if you'd prefer to execute a callback for each entry. The latter gives you more control about what results are presented.

 
  check_lg2(git_status_list_new(&status, repo, &o.statusopt),
    "Could not get status", NULL);

  if (o.showbranch)
    show_branch(repo, o.format);

  if (o.showsubmod) {
    int submod_count = 0;
    check_lg2(git_submodule_foreach(repo, print_submod, &submod_count),
      "Cannot iterate submodules", o.repodir);
  }

  if (o.format == FORMAT_LONG)
    print_long(status);
  else
    print_short(repo, status);

  git_status_list_free(status);

  if (o.repeat) {
    sleep(o.repeat);
    goto show_status;
  }

  return 0;
}

If the user asked for the branch, let's show the short name of the branch.

 
static void show_branch(git_repository *repo, int format)
{
  int error = 0;
  const char *branch = NULL;
  git_reference *head = NULL;

  error = git_repository_head(&head, repo);

  if (error == GIT_EUNBORNBRANCH || error == GIT_ENOTFOUND)
    branch = NULL;
  else if (!error) {
    branch = git_reference_shorthand(head);
  } else
    check_lg2(error, "failed to get current branch", NULL);

  if (format == FORMAT_LONG)
    printf("# On branch %s\n",
      branch ? branch : "Not currently on any branch.");
  else
    printf("## %s\n", branch ? branch : "HEAD (no branch)");

  git_reference_free(head);
}

This function print out an output similar to git's status command in long form, including the command-line hints.

 
static void print_long(git_status_list *status)
{
  size_t i, maxi = git_status_list_entrycount(status);
  const git_status_entry *s;
  int header = 0, changes_in_index = 0;
  int changed_in_workdir = 0, rm_in_workdir = 0;
  const char *old_path, *new_path;

Print index changes.

 
  for (i = 0; i < maxi; ++i) {
    char *istatus = NULL;

    s = git_status_byindex(status, i);

    if (s->status == GIT_STATUS_CURRENT)
      continue;

    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_DELETED)
      rm_in_workdir = 1;

    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_NEW)
      istatus = "new file: ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_MODIFIED)
      istatus = "modified: ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_DELETED)
      istatus = "deleted:  ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_RENAMED)
      istatus = "renamed:  ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_TYPECHANGE)
      istatus = "typechange:";

    if (istatus == NULL)
      continue;

    if (!header) {
      printf("# Changes to be committed:\n");
      printf("#   (use \"git reset HEAD <file>...\" to unstage)\n");
      printf("#\n");
      header = 1;
    }

    old_path = s->head_to_index->old_file.path;
    new_path = s->head_to_index->new_file.path;

    if (old_path && new_path && strcmp(old_path, new_path))
      printf("#\t%s  %s -> %s\n", istatus, old_path, new_path);
    else
      printf("#\t%s  %s\n", istatus, old_path ? old_path : new_path);
  }

  if (header) {
    changes_in_index = 1;
    printf("#\n");
  }
  header = 0;

Print workdir changes to tracked files.

 
  for (i = 0; i < maxi; ++i) {
    char *wstatus = NULL;

    s = git_status_byindex(status, i);

With GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNMODIFIED (not used in this example) index_to_workdir may not be NULL even if there are no differences, in which case it will be a GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED.

 
    if (s->status == GIT_STATUS_CURRENT || s->index_to_workdir == NULL)
      continue;

Print out the output since we know the file has some changes

 
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_MODIFIED)
      wstatus = "modified: ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_DELETED)
      wstatus = "deleted:  ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_RENAMED)
      wstatus = "renamed:  ";
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_TYPECHANGE)
      wstatus = "typechange:";

    if (wstatus == NULL)
      continue;

    if (!header) {
      printf("# Changes not staged for commit:\n");
      printf("#   (use \"git add%s <file>...\" to update what will be committed)\n", rm_in_workdir ? "/rm" : "");
      printf("#   (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)\n");
      printf("#\n");
      header = 1;
    }

    old_path = s->index_to_workdir->old_file.path;
    new_path = s->index_to_workdir->new_file.path;

    if (old_path && new_path && strcmp(old_path, new_path))
      printf("#\t%s  %s -> %s\n", wstatus, old_path, new_path);
    else
      printf("#\t%s  %s\n", wstatus, old_path ? old_path : new_path);
  }

  if (header) {
    changed_in_workdir = 1;
    printf("#\n");
  }

Print untracked files.

 
  header = 0;

  for (i = 0; i < maxi; ++i) {
    s = git_status_byindex(status, i);

    if (s->status == GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW) {

      if (!header) {
        printf("# Untracked files:\n");
        printf("#   (use \"git add <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)\n");
        printf("#\n");
        header = 1;
      }

      printf("#\t%s\n", s->index_to_workdir->old_file.path);
    }
  }

  header = 0;

Print ignored files.

 
  for (i = 0; i < maxi; ++i) {
    s = git_status_byindex(status, i);

    if (s->status == GIT_STATUS_IGNORED) {

      if (!header) {
        printf("# Ignored files:\n");
        printf("#   (use \"git add -f <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)\n");
        printf("#\n");
        header = 1;
      }

      printf("#\t%s\n", s->index_to_workdir->old_file.path);
    }
  }

  if (!changes_in_index && changed_in_workdir)
    printf("no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n");
}

This version of the output prefixes each path with two status columns and shows submodule status information.

 
static void print_short(git_repository *repo, git_status_list *status)
{
  size_t i, maxi = git_status_list_entrycount(status);
  const git_status_entry *s;
  char istatus, wstatus;
  const char *extra, *a, *b, *c;

  for (i = 0; i < maxi; ++i) {
    s = git_status_byindex(status, i);

    if (s->status == GIT_STATUS_CURRENT)
      continue;

    a = b = c = NULL;
    istatus = wstatus = ' ';
    extra = "";

    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_NEW)
      istatus = 'A';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_MODIFIED)
      istatus = 'M';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_DELETED)
      istatus = 'D';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_RENAMED)
      istatus = 'R';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_INDEX_TYPECHANGE)
      istatus = 'T';

    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW) {
      if (istatus == ' ')
        istatus = '?';
      wstatus = '?';
    }
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_MODIFIED)
      wstatus = 'M';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_DELETED)
      wstatus = 'D';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_RENAMED)
      wstatus = 'R';
    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_WT_TYPECHANGE)
      wstatus = 'T';

    if (s->status & GIT_STATUS_IGNORED) {
      istatus = '!';
      wstatus = '!';
    }

    if (istatus == '?' && wstatus == '?')
      continue;

A commit in a tree is how submodules are stored, so let's go take a look at its status.

 
    if (s->index_to_workdir &&
      s->index_to_workdir->new_file.mode == GIT_FILEMODE_COMMIT)
    {
      unsigned int smstatus = 0;

      if (!git_submodule_status(&smstatus, repo, s->index_to_workdir->new_file.path,
              GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_UNSPECIFIED)) {
        if (smstatus & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_WD_MODIFIED)
          extra = " (new commits)";
        else if (smstatus & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_WD_INDEX_MODIFIED)
          extra = " (modified content)";
        else if (smstatus & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_WD_WD_MODIFIED)
          extra = " (modified content)";
        else if (smstatus & GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_WD_UNTRACKED)
          extra = " (untracked content)";
      }
    }

Now that we have all the information, format the output.

 
    if (s->head_to_index) {
      a = s->head_to_index->old_file.path;
      b = s->head_to_index->new_file.path;
    }
    if (s->index_to_workdir) {
      if (!a)
        a = s->index_to_workdir->old_file.path;
      if (!b)
        b = s->index_to_workdir->old_file.path;
      c = s->index_to_workdir->new_file.path;
    }

    if (istatus == 'R') {
      if (wstatus == 'R')
        printf("%c%c %s %s %s%s\n", istatus, wstatus, a, b, c, extra);
      else
        printf("%c%c %s %s%s\n", istatus, wstatus, a, b, extra);
    } else {
      if (wstatus == 'R')
        printf("%c%c %s %s%s\n", istatus, wstatus, a, c, extra);
      else
        printf("%c%c %s%s\n", istatus, wstatus, a, extra);
    }
  }

  for (i = 0; i < maxi; ++i) {
    s = git_status_byindex(status, i);

    if (s->status == GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW)
      printf("?? %s\n", s->index_to_workdir->old_file.path);
  }
}

static int print_submod(git_submodule *sm, const char *name, void *payload)
{
  int *count = payload;
  (void)name;

  if (*count == 0)
    printf("# Submodules\n");
  (*count)++;

  printf("# - submodule '%s' at %s\n",
    git_submodule_name(sm), git_submodule_path(sm));

  return 0;
}

Parse options that git's status command supports.

 
static void parse_opts(struct status_opts *o, int argc, char *argv[])
{
  struct args_info args = ARGS_INFO_INIT;

  for (args.pos = 1; args.pos < argc; ++args.pos) {
    char *a = argv[args.pos];

    if (a[0] != '-') {
      if (o->npaths < MAX_PATHSPEC)
        o->pathspec[o->npaths++] = a;
      else
        fatal("Example only supports a limited pathspec", NULL);
    }
    else if (!strcmp(a, "-s") || !strcmp(a, "--short"))
      o->format = FORMAT_SHORT;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--long"))
      o->format = FORMAT_LONG;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--porcelain"))
      o->format = FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "-b") || !strcmp(a, "--branch"))
      o->showbranch = 1;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "-z")) {
      o->zterm = 1;
      if (o->format == FORMAT_DEFAULT)
        o->format = FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
    }
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--ignored"))
      o->statusopt.flags |= GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_IGNORED;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "-uno") ||
         !strcmp(a, "--untracked-files=no"))
      o->statusopt.flags &= ~GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "-unormal") ||
         !strcmp(a, "--untracked-files=normal"))
      o->statusopt.flags |= GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "-uall") ||
         !strcmp(a, "--untracked-files=all"))
      o->statusopt.flags |= GIT_STATUS_OPT_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED |
        GIT_STATUS_OPT_RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--ignore-submodules=all"))
      o->statusopt.flags |= GIT_STATUS_OPT_EXCLUDE_SUBMODULES;
    else if (!strncmp(a, "--git-dir=", strlen("--git-dir=")))
      o->repodir = a + strlen("--git-dir=");
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--repeat"))
      o->repeat = 10;
    else if (match_int_arg(&o->repeat, &args, "--repeat", 0))
      /* okay */;
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--list-submodules"))
      o->showsubmod = 1;
    else
      check_lg2(-1, "Unsupported option", a);
  }

  if (o->format == FORMAT_DEFAULT)
    o->format = FORMAT_LONG;
  if (o->format == FORMAT_LONG)
    o->showbranch = 1;
  if (o->npaths > 0) {
    o->statusopt.pathspec.strings = o->pathspec;
    o->statusopt.pathspec.count   = o->npaths;
  }
}