Set the error message string for this thread.

This function is public so that custom ODB backends and the like can relay an error message through libgit2. Most regular users of libgit2 will never need to call this function -- actually, calling it in most circumstances (for example, calling from within a callback function) will just end up having the value overwritten by libgit2 internals.

This error message is stored in thread-local storage and only applies to the particular thread that this libgit2 call is made from.

NOTE: Passing the error_class as GITERR_OS has a special behavior: we attempt to append the system default error message for the last OS error that occurred and then clear the last error. The specific implementation of looking up and clearing this last OS error will vary by platform.